//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// 
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows;

namespace MS.Internal
{
    internal static class DoubleUtil
    {
        // Const values come from sdk\inc\crt\float.h
        internal const double DBL_EPSILON = 2.2204460492503131e-016; /* smallest such that 1.0+DBL_EPSILON != 1.0 */
        internal const float FLT_MIN = 1.175494351e-38F; /* Number close to zero, where float.MinValue is -float.MaxValue */

        /// <summary>
        /// AreClose - Returns whether or not two doubles are "close".  That is, whether or 
        /// not they are within epsilon of each other.  Note that this epsilon is proportional
        /// to the numbers themselves to that AreClose survives scalar multiplication.
        /// There are plenty of ways for this to return false even for numbers which
        /// are theoretically identical, so no code calling this should fail to work if this 
        /// returns false.  This is important enough to repeat:
        /// NB: NO CODE CALLING THIS FUNCTION SHOULD DEPEND ON ACCURATE RESULTS - this should be
        /// used for optimizations *only*.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// bool - the result of the AreClose comparision.
        /// </returns>
        /// <param name="value1"> The first double to compare. </param>
        /// <param name="value2"> The second double to compare. </param>
        public static bool AreClose(double value1, double value2)
        {
            // in case they are Infinities (then epsilon check does not work)
            if (value1 == value2)
            {
                return true;
            }

            // This computes (|value1-value2| / (|value1| + |value2| + 10.0)) < DBL_EPSILON
            double eps = (Math.Abs(value1) + Math.Abs(value2) + 10.0) * DBL_EPSILON;
            double delta = value1 - value2;
            return (-eps < delta) && (eps > delta);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// LessThan - Returns whether or not the first double is less than the second double.
        /// That is, whether or not the first is strictly less than *and* not within epsilon of
        /// the other number.  Note that this epsilon is proportional to the numbers themselves
        /// to that AreClose survives scalar multiplication.  Note,
        /// There are plenty of ways for this to return false even for numbers which
        /// are theoretically identical, so no code calling this should fail to work if this 
        /// returns false.  This is important enough to repeat:
        /// NB: NO CODE CALLING THIS FUNCTION SHOULD DEPEND ON ACCURATE RESULTS - this should be
        /// used for optimizations *only*.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// bool - the result of the LessThan comparision.
        /// </returns>
        /// <param name="value1"> The first double to compare. </param>
        /// <param name="value2"> The second double to compare. </param>
        public static bool LessThan(double value1, double value2)
        {
            return (value1 < value2) && !AreClose(value1, value2);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// GreaterThan - Returns whether or not the first double is greater than the second double.
        /// That is, whether or not the first is strictly greater than *and* not within epsilon of
        /// the other number.  Note that this epsilon is proportional to the numbers themselves
        /// to that AreClose survives scalar multiplication.  Note,
        /// There are plenty of ways for this to return false even for numbers which
        /// are theoretically identical, so no code calling this should fail to work if this 
        /// returns false.  This is important enough to repeat:
        /// NB: NO CODE CALLING THIS FUNCTION SHOULD DEPEND ON ACCURATE RESULTS - this should be
        /// used for optimizations *only*.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// bool - the result of the GreaterThan comparision.
        /// </returns>
        /// <param name="value1"> The first double to compare. </param>
        /// <param name="value2"> The second double to compare. </param>
        public static bool GreaterThan(double value1, double value2)
        {
            return (value1 > value2) && !AreClose(value1, value2);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// LessThanOrClose - Returns whether or not the first double is less than or close to
        /// the second double.  That is, whether or not the first is strictly less than or within
        /// epsilon of the other number.  Note that this epsilon is proportional to the numbers 
        /// themselves to that AreClose survives scalar multiplication.  Note,
        /// There are plenty of ways for this to return false even for numbers which
        /// are theoretically identical, so no code calling this should fail to work if this 
        /// returns false.  This is important enough to repeat:
        /// NB: NO CODE CALLING THIS FUNCTION SHOULD DEPEND ON ACCURATE RESULTS - this should be
        /// used for optimizations *only*.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// bool - the result of the LessThanOrClose comparision.
        /// </returns>
        /// <param name="value1"> The first double to compare. </param>
        /// <param name="value2"> The second double to compare. </param>
        public static bool LessThanOrClose(double value1, double value2)
        {
            return (value1 < value2) || AreClose(value1, value2);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// GreaterThanOrClose - Returns whether or not the first double is greater than or close to
        /// the second double.  That is, whether or not the first is strictly greater than or within
        /// epsilon of the other number.  Note that this epsilon is proportional to the numbers 
        /// themselves to that AreClose survives scalar multiplication.  Note,
        /// There are plenty of ways for this to return false even for numbers which
        /// are theoretically identical, so no code calling this should fail to work if this 
        /// returns false.  This is important enough to repeat:
        /// NB: NO CODE CALLING THIS FUNCTION SHOULD DEPEND ON ACCURATE RESULTS - this should be
        /// used for optimizations *only*.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// bool - the result of the GreaterThanOrClose comparision.
        /// </returns>
        /// <param name="value1"> The first double to compare. </param>
        /// <param name="value2"> The second double to compare. </param>
        public static bool GreaterThanOrClose(double value1, double value2)
        {
            return (value1 > value2) || AreClose(value1, value2);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// IsOne - Returns whether or not the double is "close" to 1.  Same as AreClose(double, 1),
        /// but this is faster.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// bool - the result of the AreClose comparision.
        /// </returns>
        /// <param name="value"> The double to compare to 1. </param>
        public static bool IsOne(double value)
        {
            return Math.Abs(value - 1.0) < 10.0 * DBL_EPSILON;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Compares two points for fuzzy equality.  This function
        /// helps compensate for the fact that double values can 
        /// acquire error when operated upon
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name='point1'>The first point to compare</param>
        /// <param name='point2'>The second point to compare</param>
        /// <returns>Whether or not the two points are equal</returns>
        public static bool AreClose(Point point1, Point point2)
        {
            return DoubleUtil.AreClose(point1.X, point2.X) &&
            DoubleUtil.AreClose(point1.Y, point2.Y);
        }

#if UNUSED
        /// <summary>
        /// IsZero - Returns whether or not the double is "close" to 0.  Same as AreClose(double, 0),
        /// but this is faster.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>
        /// bool - the result of the AreClose comparision.
        /// </returns>
        /// <param name="value"> The double to compare to 0. </param>
        public static bool IsZero(double value)
        {
            return Math.Abs(value) < 10.0 * DBL_EPSILON;
        }

        // The Point, Size, Rect and Matrix class have moved to WinCorLib.  However, we provide
        // internal AreClose methods for our own use here.

        /// <summary>
        /// Compares two Size instances for fuzzy equality.  This function
        /// helps compensate for the fact that double values can 
        /// acquire error when operated upon
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name='size1'>The first size to compare</param>
        /// <param name='size2'>The second size to compare</param>
        /// <returns>Whether or not the two Size instances are equal</returns>
        public static bool AreClose(Size size1, Size size2)
        {
            return DoubleUtil.AreClose(size1.Width, size2.Width) && 
                   DoubleUtil.AreClose(size1.Height, size2.Height);
        }
        
        /// <summary>
        /// Compares two Vector instances for fuzzy equality.  This function
        /// helps compensate for the fact that double values can 
        /// acquire error when operated upon
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name='vector1'>The first Vector to compare</param>
        /// <param name='vector2'>The second Vector to compare</param>
        /// <returns>Whether or not the two Vector instances are equal</returns>
        public static bool AreClose(System.Windows.Vector vector1, System.Windows.Vector vector2)
        { 
            return DoubleUtil.AreClose(vector1.X, vector2.X) && 
                   DoubleUtil.AreClose(vector1.Y, vector2.Y);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Compares two rectangles for fuzzy equality.  This function
        /// helps compensate for the fact that double values can 
        /// acquire error when operated upon
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name='rect1'>The first rectangle to compare</param>
        /// <param name='rect2'>The second rectangle to compare</param>
        /// <returns>Whether or not the two rectangles are equal</returns>
        public static bool AreClose(Rect rect1, Rect rect2)
        {
            // If they're both empty, don't bother with the double logic.
            if (rect1.IsEmpty)
            {
                return rect2.IsEmpty;
            }

            // At this point, rect1 isn't empty, so the first thing we can test is
            // rect2.IsEmpty, followed by property-wise compares.

            return (!rect2.IsEmpty) &&
                DoubleUtil.AreClose(rect1.X, rect2.X) &&
                DoubleUtil.AreClose(rect1.Y, rect2.Y) &&
                DoubleUtil.AreClose(rect1.Height, rect2.Height) &&
                DoubleUtil.AreClose(rect1.Width, rect2.Width);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="val"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool IsBetweenZeroAndOne(double val)
        {
            return (GreaterThanOrClose(val, 0) && LessThanOrClose(val, 1));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="val"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int DoubleToInt(double val)
        {
            return (0 < val) ? (int)(val + 0.5) : (int)(val - 0.5);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// rectHasNaN - this returns true if this rect has X, Y , Height or Width as NaN.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name='r'>The rectangle to test</param>
        /// <returns>returns whether the Rect has NaN</returns>        
        public static bool RectHasNaN(Rect r)
        {
            if (    DoubleUtil.IsNaN(r.X)
                 || DoubleUtil.IsNaN(r.Y) 
                 || DoubleUtil.IsNaN(r.Height)
                 || DoubleUtil.IsNaN(r.Width) )
            {
                return true;
            }
            return false;                               
        }

#endif
        
        // The standard CLR double.IsNaN() function is approximately 100 times slower than our own wrapper,
        // so please make sure to use DoubleUtil.IsNaN() in performance sensitive code.
        // PS item that tracks the CLR improvement is DevDiv Schedule : 26916.
        // IEEE 754 : If the argument is any value in the range 0x7ff0000000000001L through 0x7fffffffffffffffL 
        // or in the range 0xfff0000000000001L through 0xffffffffffffffffL, the result will be NaN.         
        public static bool IsNaN(double value)
        {
            NanUnion t = new NanUnion();
            t.DoubleValue = value;

            ulong exp = t.UintValue & 0xfff0000000000000;
            ulong man = t.UintValue & 0x000fffffffffffff;
            
            return (exp == 0x7ff0000000000000 || exp == 0xfff0000000000000) && (man != 0);
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
        private struct NanUnion
        {
            [FieldOffset(0)]
            internal double DoubleValue;
            [FieldOffset(0)]
            internal ulong UintValue;
        }
    }
}
