namespace Caliburn.Micro {
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
#if WinRT
    using System.ServiceModel;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls.Primitives;
    using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
#else
    using System.Windows;
    using System.Windows.Controls;
    using System.Windows.Media;
    using System.Windows.Media.Media3D;
    using Caliburn.Micro.Core;
#endif

    /// <summary>
    /// Provides methods for searching a given scope for named elements.
    /// </summary>
    public static class BindingScope {
        static readonly List<ChildResolver> ChildResolvers = new List<ChildResolver>();
        static readonly Dictionary<Type, Object> NonResolvableChildTypes = new Dictionary<Type, Object>();

        static BindingScope()
        {
            AddChildResolver<ContentControl>(e => new[] { e.Content as DependencyObject });
            AddChildResolver<ItemsControl>(e => e.Items.OfType<DependencyObject>().ToArray() );
#if !SILVERLIGHT && !WinRT
            AddChildResolver<HeaderedContentControl>(e => new[] { e.Header as DependencyObject });
            AddChildResolver<HeaderedItemsControl>(e => new[] { e.Header as DependencyObject });
#endif
#if WinRT
            AddChildResolver<SemanticZoom>(e => new[] { e.ZoomedInView as DependencyObject, e.ZoomedOutView as DependencyObject });
            AddChildResolver<ListViewBase>(e => new[] { e.Header as DependencyObject });
#endif
#if WinRT81
            AddChildResolver<ListViewBase>(e => new[] { e.Footer as DependencyObject });
            AddChildResolver<Hub>(ResolveHub);
            AddChildResolver<HubSection>(e => new[] { e.Header as DependencyObject });
            AddChildResolver<CommandBar>(ResolveCommandBar);
            AddChildResolver<Button>(e => ResolveFlyoutBase(e.Flyout));
            AddChildResolver<FrameworkElement>(e => ResolveFlyoutBase(FlyoutBase.GetAttachedFlyout(e)));
#endif
#if WINDOWS_UWP
            AddChildResolver<SplitView>(e => new[] { e.Pane as DependencyObject, e.Content as DependencyObject });
#endif
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Searches through the list of named elements looking for a case-insensitive match.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="elementsToSearch">The named elements to search through.</param>
        /// <param name="name">The name to search for.</param>
        /// <returns>The named element or null if not found.</returns>
        public static FrameworkElement FindName(this IEnumerable<FrameworkElement> elementsToSearch, string name) {
#if WinRT
            return elementsToSearch.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Name.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
#else
            return elementsToSearch.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Name.Equals(name, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase));
#endif
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Adds a child resolver.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filter">The type filter.</param>
        /// <param name="resolver">The resolver.</param>
        public static ChildResolver AddChildResolver(Func<Type, bool> filter, Func<DependencyObject, IEnumerable<DependencyObject>> resolver) {
            if (filter == null) {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("filter");
            }

            if (resolver == null) {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("resolver");
            }

            NonResolvableChildTypes.Clear();
            
            var childResolver = new ChildResolver(filter, resolver);

            ChildResolvers.Add(childResolver);

            return childResolver;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Adds a child resolver.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filter">The type filter.</param>
        /// <param name="resolver">The resolver.</param>
        public static ChildResolver AddChildResolver<T>(Func<T, IEnumerable<DependencyObject>> resolver) where T : DependencyObject
        {
            if (resolver == null) {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("resolver");
            }

            NonResolvableChildTypes.Clear();

            var childResolver = new ChildResolver<T>(resolver);

            ChildResolvers.Add(childResolver);

            return childResolver;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Removes a child resolver.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="resolver">The resolver to remove.</param>
        /// <returns>true, when the resolver was (found and) removed.</returns>
        public static bool RemoveChildResolver(ChildResolver resolver) {
            if (resolver == null) {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("resolver");
            }

            return ChildResolvers.Remove(resolver);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets all the <see cref="FrameworkElement"/> instances with names in the scope.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>Named <see cref="FrameworkElement"/> instances in the provided scope.</returns>
        /// <remarks>Pass in a <see cref="DependencyObject"/> and receive a list of named <see cref="FrameworkElement"/> instances in the same scope.</remarks>
        public static Func<DependencyObject, IEnumerable<FrameworkElement>> GetNamedElements = elementInScope => {
            var routeHops = FindScopeNamingRoute(elementInScope);
            return FindNamedDescendants(routeHops);
        };

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the parent of the given object in the Visual Tree.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The parent of the given object in the Visual Tree</returns>
        public static Func<DependencyObject, DependencyObject> GetVisualParent = e => VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(e);

        /// <summary>
        /// Finds a set of named <see cref="FrameworkElement"/> instances in each hop in a <see cref="ScopeNamingRoute"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Searches all the elements in the <see cref="ScopeNamingRoute"/> parameter as well as the visual children of 
        /// each of these elements, the <see cref="ContentControl.Content"/>, the <c>HeaderedContentControl.Header</c>,
        /// the <see cref="ItemsControl.Items"/>, or the <c>HeaderedItemsControl.Header</c>, if any are found.
        /// </remarks>
        public static Func<ScopeNamingRoute, IEnumerable<FrameworkElement>> FindNamedDescendants = routeHops => {
            if (routeHops == null) {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("routeHops");
            }

            if (routeHops.Root == null) {
                throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Root is null on the given {0}", typeof (ScopeNamingRoute)));
            }

            var descendants = new List<FrameworkElement>();
            var queue = new Queue<DependencyObject>();
            queue.Enqueue(routeHops.Root);

            while (queue.Count > 0) {
                var current = queue.Dequeue();
                var currentElement = current as FrameworkElement;

                if (currentElement != null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(currentElement.Name))
                    descendants.Add(currentElement);

                if (current is UserControl && !ReferenceEquals(current, routeHops.Root))
                    continue;

                DependencyObject hopTarget;
                if (routeHops.TryGetHop(current, out hopTarget)) {
                    queue.Enqueue(hopTarget);
                    continue;
                }

#if NET
                var childCount = (current is Visual || current is Visual3D)
                    ? VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(current) : 0;
#else
                var childCount = (current is UIElement)
                    ? VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(current) : 0;
#endif
                if (childCount > 0) {
                    for (var i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
                        var childDo = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(current, i);
                        queue.Enqueue(childDo);
                    }

#if WinRT
                    var page = current as Page;

                    if (page != null) {
                        if (page.BottomAppBar != null)
                            queue.Enqueue(page.BottomAppBar);

                        if (page.TopAppBar != null)
                            queue.Enqueue(page.TopAppBar);
                    }
#endif
                }
                else {
                    var currentType = current.GetType();

                    if (!NonResolvableChildTypes.ContainsKey(currentType)) {
                        var resolvers = ChildResolvers.Where(r => r.CanResolve(currentType)).ToArray();

                        if (!resolvers.Any()) {
                            NonResolvableChildTypes[currentType] = null;
                        }
                        else {
                            resolvers
                                .SelectMany(r => r.Resolve(current) ?? Enumerable.Empty<DependencyObject>())
                                .Where(c => c != null)
                                .Apply(queue.Enqueue);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            return descendants;
        };

#if WinRT81
        private static IEnumerable<DependencyObject> ResolveFlyoutBase(FlyoutBase flyoutBase) {
            if (flyoutBase == null)
                yield break;

            var flyout = flyoutBase as Flyout;

            if (flyout != null && flyout.Content != null)
                yield return flyout.Content;

            var menuFlyout = flyoutBase as MenuFlyout;

            if (menuFlyout != null && menuFlyout.Items != null) {
                foreach (var item in menuFlyout.Items) {
                    foreach (var subItem in ResolveMenuFlyoutItems(item)) {
                        yield return subItem;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private static IEnumerable<DependencyObject> ResolveMenuFlyoutItems(MenuFlyoutItemBase item) {
            yield return item;
#if WINDOWS_UWP
            var subItem = item as MenuFlyoutSubItem;

            if (subItem != null && subItem.Items != null) {
                foreach (var subSubItem in subItem.Items) {
                    yield return subSubItem;
                }
            }
#endif
        }

        private static IEnumerable<DependencyObject> ResolveCommandBar(CommandBar commandBar) {
            foreach (var child in commandBar.PrimaryCommands.OfType<DependencyObject>()) {
                yield return child;
            }

            foreach (var child in commandBar.SecondaryCommands.OfType<DependencyObject>())
            {
                yield return child;
            }
        }

        private static IEnumerable<DependencyObject> ResolveHub(Hub hub) {
            yield return hub.Header as DependencyObject;

            foreach (var section in hub.Sections)
                yield return section;
        }
#endif

        /// <summary>
        /// Finds a path of dependency objects which traces through visual anscestry until a root which is <see langword="null"/>,
        /// a <see cref="UserControl"/>, a <c>Page</c> with a dependency object <c>Page.ContentProperty</c> value, 
        /// a dependency object with <see cref="View.IsScopeRootProperty"/> set to <see langword="true"/>. <see cref="ContentPresenter"/>
        /// and <see cref="ItemsPresenter"/> are included in the resulting <see cref="ScopeNamingRoute"/> in order to track which item
        /// in an items control we are scoped to.
        /// </summary>
        public static Func<DependencyObject, ScopeNamingRoute> FindScopeNamingRoute = elementInScope => {
            var root = elementInScope;
            var previous = elementInScope;
            DependencyObject contentPresenter = null;
            var routeHops = new ScopeNamingRoute();

            while (true) {
                if (root == null) {
                    root = previous;
                    break;
                }

                if (root is UserControl)
                    break;
#if !SILVERLIGHT
                if (root is Page) {
                    root = ((Page) root).Content as DependencyObject ?? root;
                    break;
                }
#endif
                if ((bool) root.GetValue(View.IsScopeRootProperty))
                    break;

#if WinRT
                if (root is AppBar) {
                    var frame = Window.Current.Content as Frame;
                    var page = (frame != null) ? frame.Content as Page : null;
                    if (page != null && (root == page.TopAppBar || root == page.BottomAppBar)) {
                        root = page;
                        break;
                    }
                }
#endif

                if (root is ContentPresenter)
                    contentPresenter = root;
                else if (root is ItemsPresenter && contentPresenter != null) {
                    routeHops.AddHop(root, contentPresenter);
                    contentPresenter = null;
                }

                previous = root;
                root = GetVisualParent(previous);
            }

            routeHops.Root = root;
            return routeHops;
        };

        /// <summary>
        /// Maintains a connection in the visual tree of dependency objects in order to record a route through it.
        /// </summary>
        public class ScopeNamingRoute {
            readonly Dictionary<DependencyObject, DependencyObject> path = new Dictionary<DependencyObject, DependencyObject>();
            DependencyObject root;

            /// <summary>
            /// Gets or sets the starting point of the route.
            /// </summary>
            public DependencyObject Root {
                get { return root; }
                set {
                    if (path.ContainsValue(value)) {
                        throw new ArgumentException("Value is a target of some route hop; cannot be a root.");
                    }

                    root = value;
                }
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Adds a segment to the route.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="from">The source dependency object.</param>
            /// <param name="to">The target dependency object.</param>
            public void AddHop(DependencyObject from, DependencyObject to) {
                if (@from == null) {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("from");
                }

                if (to == null) {
                    throw new ArgumentNullException("to");
                }

                if (path.Count > 0 &&
                    !path.ContainsKey(from) &&
                    !path.ContainsKey(to) &&
                    !path.ContainsValue(from) &&
                    !path.ContainsValue(from)) {
                    throw new ArgumentException("Hop pair not part of existing route.");
                }

                if (path.ContainsKey(to)) {
                    throw new ArgumentException("Cycle detected when adding hop.");
                }

                path[from] = to;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Tries to get a target dependency object given a source.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="hopSource">The possible beginning of a route segment (hop).</param>
            /// <param name="hopTarget">The target of a route segment (hop).</param>
            /// <returns><see langword="true"/> if <paramref name="hopSource"/> had a target recorded; <see langword="false"/> otherwise.</returns>
            public bool TryGetHop(DependencyObject hopSource, out DependencyObject hopTarget) {
                return path.TryGetValue(hopSource, out hopTarget);
            }
        }
    }
}
